Director-General
Office of the Director-General
Summary:
Dr Rabier has been Director-General of ECMWF since January 2016, after two years leading the Centre’s Forecast Department. Her career so far has taken her back and forth between Météo-France and ECMWF.
Dr Rabier is an internationally recognised expert in Numerical Weather Prediction, whose leadership has greatly contributed to delivering major operational changes at both ECMWF and Météo-France. She is especially well known within the meteorological community for her key role in implementing an innovative data assimilation method (4D-Var) in 1997, which was a first worldwide and contributed to an optimal use of satellite observations in weather forecasting. She also led an international experiment involving a major field campaign over Antarctica, in the context of the International Polar Year and the WMO THORPEX programme.
Professional interests:
- Numerical Weather Prediction
- Data assimilation
- Use and verification of weather predictions
Career background:
Director of Forecasts at ECMWF: 2013-2015
- Participation to the management and strategy of ECMWF at Directorate level
- Responsible for operational implementations, model diagnostics and evaluation, forecast verification, observation monitoring, specialist software development, data services and user support.
- Executive of the Scalability Programme and of the OOPS project within the programme.
Deputy Head of Groupe de Modelisation pour l'Assimilation et la Prevision: 2011-2013
Meteo-France/CNRM/GMAP
- Responsible for the operational changes performed on the NWP models
- Participating to the strategy and management of the division
- Coordination of the meteorological component of an FP7 European project on resilience to natural hazards (submersion in coastal areas)
- Member of international scientific committees
- Member of World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Working Groups, including the Working Group on Numerical Experimentation (WGNE)
- Research on the assimilation of the Meteosat Third Generation Infra-Red Sounder data (MTG/IRS)
Head of the Observations Section: 2001-2010
Meteo-France/CNRM/GMAP
- Responsible for the development and operational changes in the use of observations in the NWP models
- Responsible for the international Concordiasi project financed by the French Space Agency and the American National Science Foundation, in collaboration with other laboratories. I coordinated a field experiment in Antarctica dedicated to the validation of the assimilation of IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) data and the improvement of meteorological models in polar areas
- Co-chair of the data assimilation and observing strategies working group of the THORPEX programme of the WMO
- Regular integrations of new satellite data in the operational Meteo-France models and optimisation studies on the assimilation of satellite data
- Project manager of the OLIVE project for the set-up and management of NWP experiments through an interactive web-based interface, in collaboration with the forecasting and computer departments
Scientist in the assimilation of IASI data
Meteo-France/CNRM/GMAP
- Responsible for the preparation to the use of the hyper-spectral sounder IASI developed by CNES and EUMETSAT
- Leader of a contract between Météo-France and the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique for the preparation of the assimilation of IASI data
- Studies on the optimal channel selection for IASI
Scientist in data assimilation: 1992-1998
ECMWF
- Responsible for the implementation of a new data assimilation method (4D-Var) in 1997, which was a first worldwide
- Studies on the forecast error covariance model used in variational data assimilation
- Studies on and implementation of the adjoint sensitivity of forecast error to initial conditions
- Research on forecast error statistics
Wave modelling: 1985-1986
Meteo-France/Prevision Marine
- Optimisation and implementation of the wave model at Météo-France
External recognitions
She has been awarded the title of “Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur”, one of the highest decorations awarded by the French honours system, and the Great Prize of the Air and Space Academy for the IASI project (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) and its atmospheric and weather applications.
- 2021
- Linus Magnusson, Sharanya Majumdar, Rebecca Emerton, David Richardson, Magdalena A. Balmaseda, Calum Baugh, Peter Bechtold, Jean Bidlot, Antonino Bonanni, Massimo Bonavita, Niels Bormann, Andy Brown, Philip Browne, Hilda Carr, Mohamed Dahoui, Giovanna De Chiara, Michail Diamantakis, David I. Duncan, Stephen English, Richard Forbes, Alan Geer, Thomas Haiden, Sean Healy, Timothy Hewson, Bruce Ingleby, Martin Janousek, Christian Kühnlein, Simon Lang, Sarah-Jane Lock, Tony McNally, Kristian S. Mogensen, Florian Pappenberger, Inna Polichtchouk, Fernando Prates, Christel Prudhomme, Florence Rabier, Patricia de Rosnay, Tiago Quintino, Michael Rennie (October 2021) Tropical cyclone activities at ECMWF, ECMWF Technical Memoranda n. 888. DOI: 10.21957/zzxzzygwv
- 2019
- (March 2019) ECMWF Activities for Improved Hurricane Forecasts, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-18-0044.1
- 2018
- Balsamo G., Agusti-Panareda A., Albergel C., Arduini G., Beljaars A., Bidlot J., Bousserez N., Boussetta S., Brown A., Buizza R., Buontempo C., Chevallier F., Choulga M., Cloke H., Cronin M.F., Dahoui M., Rosnay P.D., Dirmeyer P.A., Drusch M., Dutra E., Ek M.B., Gentine P., Hewitt H., Keeley S.P., Kerr Y., Kumar S., Lupu C., Mahfouf J.-F., McNorton J., Mecklenburg S., Mogensen K., Muñoz-Sabater J., Orth R., Rabier F., Reichle R., Ruston B., Pappenberger F., Sandu I., Seneviratne S.I., Tietsche S., Trigo I.F., Uijlenhoet R., Wedi N., Woolway R.I., Zeng X. (April 2018) Satellite and in situ observations for advancing global earth surface modelling: A review, Remote Sensing. DOI: 10.3390/rs10122038
- Bresson E., Arbogast P., Aouf L., Paradis D., Kortcheva A., Bogatchev A., Galabov V., Dimitrova M., Morvan G., Ohl P., Tsenova B., Rabier F. (April 2018) On the improvement of wave and storm surge hindcasts by downscaled atmospheric forcing: Application to historical storms, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. DOI: 10.5194/nhess-18-997-2018
- 2017
- Parsons D.B., Beland M., Burridge D., Bougeault P., Brunet G., Caughey J., Cavallo S.M., Charron M., Davies H.C., Diongue Niang A., Ducrocq V., Gauthier P., Hamill T.M., Harr P.A., Jones S.C., Langland R.H., Majumdmdar S.J., Mills B.N., Moncrieff M., Nakazawa T., Paccagnella T., Rabier F., Redelsperger J.-L., Riedel C., Saunders R.W., Shapiro M.A., Swinbank R., Szunyogh I., Thorncroft C., Thorpe A.J., Wang X., Waliser D., Wernli H., Toth Z. (April 2017) Thorpex research and the science of prediction, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00025.1
- 2016
- Boullot N., Rabier F., Langland R., Gelaro R., Cardinali C., Guidard V., Bauer P., Doerenbecher A. (April 2016) Observation impact over the southern polar area during the Concordiasi field campaign, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.2470
- Rodwell M.J., Lang S.T.K., Ingleby N.B., Bormann N., Hólm E., Rabier F., Richardson D.S., Yamaguchi M. (April 2016) Reliability in ensemble data assimilation, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.2663
- 2015
- (April 2015) Global Environmental Prediction, World Meteorological Organization, 2015: Seamless Prediction of the Earth System: from Minutes to Months.
- 2014
- Pailleux J., J.-F. Geleyn, Hamrud M., Courtier P., Jean-Noel THEPAUT, Florence Rabier, Erik Andersson, Burridge D., Adrian Simmons, Deborah Salmond, El Khatib R., Fischer C. (April 2014) Twenty-five years of IFS/ARPEGE, ECMWF Newsletter, issue 141, pp. 22-30. DOI: 10.21957/ftu6mfvy
- Martinet P., Lavanant L., Fourrié N., Rabier F., Gambacorta A. (April 2014) Evaluation of a revised IASI channel selection for cloudy retrievals with a focus on the Mediterranean basin, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.2239
- Martinet P., Fourrié N., Bouteloup Y., Bazile E., Rabier F. (April 2014) Toward the improvement of short-range forecasts by the analysis of cloud variables from IASI radiances, Atmospheric Science Letters. DOI: 10.1002/asl2.510
- Karbou F., Rabier F., Prigent C. (April 2014) The assimilation of observations from the advanced microwave sounding unit over sea ice in the french global numerical weather prediction system, Monthly Weather Review. DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00025.1
- 2013
- Drobinski P., Karbou F., Bauer P., Cocquerez P., Lavaysse C., Hock T., Parsons D., Rabier F., Redelsperger J.-L., Vénel S. (April 2013) Driftsonde observations to evaluate numerical weather prediction of the late 2006 African monsoon, Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-11-0176.1
- Rabier F., Cohn S., Cocquerez P., Hertzog A., Avallone L., Deshler T., Haase J., Hock T., Doerenbecher A., Wang J., Guidard V., Thépaut J.-N., Langland R., Tangborn A., Balsamo G., Brun E., Parsons D., Bordereau J., Cardinali C., Danis F., Escarnot J.-P., Fourrié N., Gelaro R., Genthon C., Ide K., Kalnajs L., Martin C., Meunier L.-F., Nicot J.-M., Perttula T., Potts N., Ragazzo P., Richardson D., Sosa-Sesma S., Vargas A. (April 2013) The concordiasi field experiment over antarctica: First results from innovative atmospheric measurements, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00005.1
- Martinet P., Fourrié N., Guidard V., Rabier F., Montmerle T., Brunel P. (April 2013) Towards the use of microphysical variables for the assimilation of cloud-affected infrared radiances, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.2046
- Gazeaux J., Clerbaux C., George M., Hadji-Lazaro J., Kuttippurath J., Coheur P.-F., Hurtmans D., Deshler T., Kovilakam M., Campbell P., Guidard V., Rabier F., Thépaut J.-N. (April 2013) Intercomparison of polar ozone profiles by IASI/MetOp sounder with 2010 Concordiasi ozonesonde observations, Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. DOI: 10.5194/amt-6-613-2013
- Cohn S.A., Hock T., Cocquerez P., Wang J., Rabier F., Parsons D., Harr P., Wu C.-C., Drobinski P., Karbou F., Vénel S., Vargas A., Fourrié N., Saint-Ramond N., Guidard V., Doerenbecher A., Hsu H.-H., Lin P.-H., Chou M.-D., Redelsperger J.-L., Martin C., Fox J., Potts N., Young K., Cole H. (April 2013) Providing in situ long-duration dropsonde observations over remote regions, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00075.1
- 2012
- Vincensini A., Bouchard A., Rabier F., Guidard V., Fourrié N., Traullé O. (April 2012) IASI retrievals over concordia within the framework of the concordiasi program in antarctica, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2177467
- Faijan F., Lavanant L., Rabier F. (April 2012) Towards the use of cloud microphysical properties to simulate IASI spectra in an operational context, Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres. DOI: 10.1029/2012JD017962
- Haase J.S., Maldonado-Vargas J., Rabier F., Cocquerez P., Minois M., Guidard V., Wyss P., Johnson A.V. (April 2012) A proof-of-concept balloon-borne Global Positioning System radio occultation profiling instrument for polar studies, Geophysical Research Letters. DOI: 10.1029/2011GL049982
- 2011
- Gérard É., Karbou F., Rabier F. (April 2011) Potential use of surface-sensitive microwave observations over land in numerical weather prediction, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2010.2075936
- Lavanant L., Fourrié N., Gambacorta A., Grieco G., Heilliette S., Hilton F.I., Kim M.-J., Mcnally A.P., Nishihata H., Pavelin E.G., Rabier F. (April 2011) Comparison of cloud products within IASI footprints for the assimilation of cloudy radiances, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.917
- Guedj S., Karbou F., Rabier F. (April 2011) Land surface temperature estimation to improve the assimilation of SEVIRI radiances over land, Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres. DOI: 10.1029/2011JD015776
- Guidard V., Fourrié N., Brousseau P., Rabier F. (April 2011) Impact of IASI assimilation at global and convective scales and challenges for the assimilation of cloudy scenes, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.928
- Brun E., Six D., Picard G., Vionnet V., Arnaud L., Bazile E., Boone A., Bouchard A., Genthon C., Guidard V., Le Moigne P., Rabier F., Seity Y. (April 2011) Snow/atmosphere coupled simulation at Dome C, Antarctica, Journal of Glaciology. DOI: 10.3189/002214311797409794
- Fink A.H., Agustí-Panareda A., Parker D.J., Lafore J.-P., Ngamini J.-B., Afiesimama E., Beljaars A., Bock O., Christoph M., Didé F., Faccani C., Fourrié N., Karbou F., Polcher J., Mumba Z., Nuret M., Pohle S., Rabier F., Tompkins A.M., Wilson G. (April 2011) Operational meteorology in West Africa: Observational networks, weather analysis and forecasting, Atmospheric Science Letters. DOI: 10.1002/asl.324
- 2010
- Montroty R., Rabier F., Westrelin S., Faure G., Berre L., Raynaud L. (April 2010) Impact of rain-affected SSM/I data assimilation on the analyses and forecasts of tropical cyclones, and study of flow-dependent ensemble background errors, over the Southwest Indian ocean, Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones and Climate Change. DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-3109-9_16
- Rabier F., Bouchard A., Brun E., Doerenbecher A., Guedj S., Guidard V., Karbou F., Peuch V.-H., Amraoui L.E.L., Puech D., Genthon C., Picard G., Town M., Hertzog A., Vial F., Cocquerez P., Cohn S.A., Hock T., Fox J., Cole H.A.L., Parsons D., Powers J., Romberg K., Vanandel J., Deshler T., Mercer J., Haase J.S., Avallone L., Kalnajs L., Mechoso R., Tangborn A., Pellegrini A., Frenot Y., Thépaut J.-N., Mcnally A., Balsamo G., Steinle P. (April 2010) The concordiasi project in antarctica, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1175/2009BAMS2764.1
- Karbou F., Rabier F., Lafore J.-P., Redelsperger J.-L., Bock O. (April 2010) Global 4DVAR assimilation and forecast experiments using AMSU observations over land. Part II: Impacts of assimilating surface-sensitive channels on the African monsoon during AMMA, Weather and Forecasting. DOI: 10.1175/2009WAF2222244.1
- Bouchard A., Rabier F., Guidard V., Karbou F. (April 2010) Enhancements of Satellite Data Assimilation over Antarctica, Monthly Weather Review. DOI: 10.1175/2009MWR3071.1
- Guedj S., Karbou F., Rabier F., Bouchard A. (April 2010) Toward a better modeling of surface emissivity to improve AMSU data assimilation over Antarctica, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2009.2036254
- Karbou F., Gérard E., Rabier F. (April 2010) Global 4dvar assimilation and forecast experiments using amsu observations over land. Part I: Impacts of various land surface emissivity parameterizations, Weather and Forecasting. DOI: 10.1175/2009WAF2222243.1
- 2009
- (April 2009) Quality control, error analysis, and impact assessment of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC in numerical weather prediction, Terrestrial, Atmospheric, and Oceanic Sciences. DOI: 10.3319/TAO.2008.01.21.02(F3C)
- Faccani C., Rabier F., Fourrié N., Agusti-Panareda A., Karbou F., Moll P., Lafore J.-P., Nuret M., Hdidou F., Bock O. (April 2009) The Impacts of AMMA radiosonde data on the French global assimilation and forecast system, Weather and Forecasting. DOI: 10.1175/2009WAF2222237.1
- Pangaud T., Fourrie N., Guidard V., Dahoui M., Rabier F. (April 2009) Assimilation of AIRS radiances Affected by Mid- to Low-Level Clouds, Monthly Weather Review. DOI: 10.1175/2009MWR3020.1
- 2008
- (April 2008) Preliminary assessment of the scalability of GPS radio occultations impact in numerical weather prediction, Geophys. Res. Lett.. DOI: 10.1029/2008GL035873
- Montroty R., Rabier F., Westrelin S., Faure G., Viltard N. (April 2008) Impact of wind bogus and cloud- and rain-affected SSM/I data on tropical cyclone analyses and forecasts, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.308
- Rabier F., Gauthier P., Cardinali C., Langland R., Tsyrulnikov M., Lorenc A., Steinte P., Gelaro R., Koizumi K. (April 2008) An update on THORPEX-related research in data assimilation and observing strategies, Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics. DOI: 10.5194/npg-15-81-2008
- 2007
- (April 2007) Forecast impact studies of zenith total delay data from European near real-time GPS stations in Meteo France 4DVAR, J. Geophys. Res.. DOI: 10.1029/2006JD007430
- Montmerle T., Rabier F., Fischer C. (April 2007) Relative impact of polar-orbiting and geostationary satellite radiances in the Aladin/France numerical weather prediction system, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.34
- 2006
- Rabier F. (April 2006) Importance of data: A meteorological perspective, Ocean Weather Forecasting: An Integrated View of Oceanography. DOI: 10.1007/1-4020-4028-8_12
- Rabier F. (April 2006) Overview of global data assimilation developments in numerical weather-prediction centres, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/qj.05.129
- Fourrié N., Marchal D., Rabier F., Chapnik B., Desroziers G. (April 2006) Impact study of the 2003 North Atlantic THORPEX regional campaign, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/qj.05.31
- Karbou F., Gérard É., Rabier F. (April 2006) Microwave land emissivity and skin temperature for AMSU-A and -B assimilation over land, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/qj.05.216
- Chapnik B., Desroziers G., Rabier F., Talagrand O. (April 2006) Diagnosis and tuning of observational error in a quasi-operational data assimilation setting, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/qj.04.102
- 2005
- Dahoui M., Lavanant L., Rabier F., Auligne T. (April 2005) Use of the MODIS imager to help deal with AIRS cloudy radiances, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/qj.04.90
- 2004
- Fourrié N., Rabier F. (April 2004) Cloud characteristics and channel selection for IASI radiances in meteorologically sensitive areas, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/qj.03.27
- Chapnik B., Desroziers G., Rabier F., Talagrand O. (April 2004) Properties and first application of an error-statistics tuning method in variational assimilation, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/qj.03.26
- 2003
- Liu Z.-Q., Rabier F. (April 2003) The potential of high-density observations for numerical weather prediction: A study with simulated observations, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/003590003769682156
- 2002
- Rabier F., Fourrié N., Chafaï D., Prunet P. (April 2002) Channel selection methods for infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer radiances, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/0035900021643638
- Liu Z.-Q., Rabier F. (April 2002) The interaction between model resolution, observation resolution and observation density in data assimilation: A one-dimensional study, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/003590002320373337
- 2000
- Rabier F., Järvinen H., Klinker E., Mahfouf J.-F., Simmons A. (April 2000) The ECMWF operational implementation of four-dimensional variational assimilation. I: Experimental results with simplified physics, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society.
- Klinker E., Rabier F., Kelly G., Mahfouf J.-F. (April 2000) The ECMWF operational implementation of four-dimensional variational assimilation. III: Experimental results and diagnostics with operational configuration, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.56416
- Mahfouf J.-F., Rabier F. (April 2000) The ECMWF operational implementation of four-dimensional variational assimilation. II: Experimental results with improved physics, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.56415
- 1999
- E. Klinker, Florence Rabier, G.A. Kelly, J.-F. Mahfouf (February 1999) The ECMWF operational implementation of four dimensional variational assimilation. Part III: Experimental results and diagnostics with operational configuration, ECMWF Technical Memorandum n. 273, pp. 27. DOI: 10.21957/ybrn22pbs
- J.-F. Mahfouf, Florence Rabier (February 1999) The ECMWF operational implementation of four dimensional variational assimilation. Part II: Experimental results with improved physics, ECMWF Technical Memorandum n. 272, pp. 26. DOI: 10.21957/5np3uktqi
- Florence Rabier, H Järvinen, E. Klinker, J.-F. Mahfouf, Adrian Simmons (February 1999) The ECMWF operational implementation of four dimensional variational assimilation. Part I: Experimental results with simplified physics, ECMWF Technical Memorandum n. 271, pp. 26. DOI: 10.21957/1yb0ok68e
- 1998
- (April 1998) The ECMWF implementation of three-dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). Part III: Experimental results, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc..
- (April 1998) Estimation of key analysis errors using the adjoint technique, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc..
- (April 1998) The ECMWF implementation of three dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). Part I: Formulation, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc..
- (April 1998) Four-dimensional variational assimilation of SSM/I precipitable water content data, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc..
- (April 1998) The ECMWF implementation of three-dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). II: Structure function, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc..
- Filiberti M.-A., Rabier F., Thépaut J.N., Eymard L., Courtier P. (April 1998) Four-dimensional variational assimilation of SSM/I precipitable water content data, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.54917
- Rabier F. (April 1998) The ECMWF implementation of three-dimensional variational assimilation (3D-Var). II: Structure functions, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.55002
- Rabier F. (April 1998) Extended assimilation and forecast experiments with a four-dimensional variational assimilation system, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.55004
- Florence Rabier, A. McNally, Erik Andersson, Courtier P., P. Undén, J. Eyre, A. Hollingsworth, F. Bouttier (January 1998) The ECMWF implementation of three dimensional variational assimilation. Part II: Structure functions, ECMWF Technical Memorandum n. 242, pp. 24. DOI: 10.21957/spflvp223
- Erik Andersson, J. Haseler, P. Undén, Courtier P., G.A. Kelly, Drasko Vasiljevic, C. Brankovic, Carla Cardinali, Gaffard C., A. Hollingsworth, C. Jakob, Peter A. E. M. Janssen, E. Klinker, A. Lanzinger, M.J. Miller, Florence Rabier, Adrian Simmons, Strauss B., Jean-Noel THEPAUT, P. Viterbo (January 1998) The ECMWF implementation of three dimensional variational assimilation. Part III: Experimental results, ECMWF Technical Memoranda n. 243, pp. 36. DOI: 10.21957/k75n9aqa
- Courtier P., Erik Andersson, Heckley W.A., J. Pailleux, Drasko Vasiljevic, M. Hamrud, A. Hollingsworth, Florence Rabier, Mike Fisher (January 1998) The ECMWF implementation of three dimensional variational assimilation. Part 1:Formulation, ECMWF Technical Memorandum n. 241, pp. 30. DOI: 10.21957/unhecz1kq
- 1997
- Courtier P., Rabier F. (April 1997) The use of adjoint equations in numerical weather prediction, Atmosphere - Ocean. DOI: 10.1080/07055900.1997.9687354
- Florence Rabier, J.-F. Mahfouf, Mike Fisher, H Järvinen, Adrian Simmons, Erik Andersson, F. Bouttier, Courtier P., M. Hamrud, J. Haseler, A. Hollingsworth, L. Isaksen, E. Klinker, S. Saarinen, C. Temperton, Jean-Noel THEPAUT, P. Undén, Drasko Vasiljevic (October 1997) Recent experimentation on 4D-Var and first results from a Simplified Kalman Filter, ECMWF Technical Memoranda n. 240, pp. 42. DOI: 10.21957/rxpcc3rzv
- 1996
- (April 1996) The use of adjoint equations in Numerical Weather Prediction, Numerical Methods in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modelling. The André J. Robert Memorial Volume. Charles A. Lin, René Laprise and Harold Ritchie eds.
- (April 1996) Sensibilite des erreurs de prevision aux conditions initiales, La Meteorologie.
- (April 1996) Pre-operational test with a three-dimensional variational analysis scheme, Preprints 2nd WMO International Symposium on Assimilation of Observations in Meteorology and Oceanography, Tokyo; 13-17 March 1995.
- Rabier F., Klinker E., Courtier P., Hollingsworth A. (April 1996) Sensitivity of forecast errors to initial conditions, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.52905
- 1994
- Florence Rabier, E. Klinker, Courtier P., A. Hollingsworth (September 1994) Sensitivity of two-day forecast errors over the Northern Hemisphere to initial conditions, ECMWF Technical Memorandum n. 203, pp. 38. DOI: 10.21957/ybqzk8d5d
- 1993
- Florence Rabier, A. McNally (September 1993) Evaluation of forecast error covariance matrix, ECMWF Technical Memorandum n. 195, pp. 36. DOI: 10.21957/twc6mttgn
- (April 1993) Assimilation variationnelle de donnees meteorologiques en presence d'instabilit barocline, La Meteorologie.
- Rabier F., Courtier P., Pailleux J., Talagrand O., Vasiljevic D. (April 1993) A comparison between four‐dimensional variational assimilation and simplified sequential assimilation relying on three‐dimensional variational analysis, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.49711951213
- Florence Rabier, Courtier P., Herveou M., Strauss B., A Persson (October 1993) Sensitivity of forecast error to initial conditions using the adjoint method, ECMWF Technical Memorandum n. 197, pp. 29. DOI: 10.21957/bq1r3v66
- Courtier P., Erik Andersson, Heckley W.A., G.A. Kelly, J. Pailleux, Florence Rabier, Jean-Noel THEPAUT, P. Undén, Drasko Vasiljevic, Carla Cardinali, J. Eyre, M. Hamrud, J. Haseler, A. Hollingsworth, A. McNally, A. Stoffelen (September 1993) Variational assimilation at ECMWF, ECMWF Technical Memoranda n. 194, pp. 84. DOI: 10.21957/j7h4sk4ha
- 1992
- Rabier F., Courtier P., Talagrand O. (April 1992) An application of adjoint models to sensitivity analysis, Contributions to Atmospheric Physics.
- Rabier F., Courtier P. (April 1992) Four‐Dimensional Assimilation In the Presence of Baroclinic Instability, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.49711850604
- Rabier F., Courtier P., Ehrendorfer M. (April 1992) Four‐Dimensional Data Assimilation: Comparison of Variational and Sequential Algorithms, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1002/qj.49711850605
- 1991
- J. Pailleux, Heckley W.A., Drasko Vasiljevic, Jean-Noel THEPAUT, Florence Rabier, Carla Cardinali, Erik Andersson (August 1991) Development of a variational assimilation system, ECMWF Technical Memoranda n. 179, pp. 51. DOI: 10.21957/59wwop6fh
- Florence Rabier, Courtier P. (December 1991) Four-dimensional assimilation in the presence of baroclinic instability, ECMWF Technical Memorandum n. 183, pp. 35. DOI: 10.21957/7xcrwagxj